What are common symptoms of kidney disease?
Common symptoms of kidney disease include fatigue, swelling in the legs or ankles, changes in urination patterns, such as increased frequency or difficulty, blood in urine, foamy urine, high blood pressure, loss of appetite, nausea, and difficulty concentrating.
What is the function of the renal system?
The renal system, primarily composed of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra, functions to filter and eliminate waste products and excess fluids from the blood through urine. It also regulates electrolyte balance, blood pressure, and red blood cell production.
How can I maintain a healthy renal system?
To maintain a healthy renal system, stay hydrated, eat a balanced diet low in salt and processed foods, exercise regularly, and avoid smoking and excessive alcohol intake. Regularly monitor blood pressure and blood sugar levels, and consult a healthcare professional for routine checkups.
What are the different stages of chronic kidney disease?
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is classified into five stages based on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Stage 1: Kidney damage with normal GFR (≥90 mL/min/1.73 m²). Stage 2: Mild reduction (60-89), Stage 3: Moderate (30-59), Stage 4: Severe (15-29), and Stage 5: Kidney failure (<15 or dialysis).
What are common causes of kidney stones?
Common causes of kidney stones include dehydration, high intake of dietary oxalates and calcium, excess consumption of salt or protein, obesity, and certain medical conditions like urinary tract infections or genetic factors. Metabolic disorders that affect calcium or oxalate levels can also contribute to stone formation.