What are the leading causes of maternal mortality?
The leading causes of maternal mortality include severe bleeding (often postpartum hemorrhage), infections, high blood pressure during pregnancy (pre-eclampsia and eclampsia), complications from delivery, and unsafe abortions.
How can healthcare systems reduce maternal mortality rates?
To reduce maternal mortality rates, healthcare systems can ensure timely access to quality prenatal, delivery, and postnatal care, train healthcare professionals in emergency obstetric care, implement systems for prompt identification and management of complications, and improve healthcare infrastructure, particularly in underserved regions.
What are the risk factors associated with maternal mortality?
Risk factors associated with maternal mortality include lack of access to quality healthcare services, pre-existing health conditions like hypertension and diabetes, complications during pregnancy such as hemorrhage and infection, young or advanced maternal age, malnutrition, multiple pregnancies, and socio-economic factors such as poverty and lack of education.
What impact does maternal mortality have on families and communities?
Maternal mortality significantly disrupts families and communities by causing emotional trauma, economic hardship, and instability. It can lead to children losing a primary caregiver, increasing their vulnerability. Communities experience a loss of workforce and social cohesion, creating broader socio-economic challenges. This can perpetuate cycles of poverty and hinder development.
How is maternal mortality measured or reported internationally?
Maternal mortality is measured internationally by the maternal mortality ratio (MMR), which represents the number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births. It is reported through global organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO), using data from vital registration systems, surveys, and modeled estimates from countries.