Usually, governments are in charge of laws and regulations and they try to keep tight control. However, sometimes governments might decide to relax or completely get rid of certain regulations in a particular market. Why would they do that? In this explanation, you will understand why governments deregulate markets and the advantages and disadvantages of a deregulated market.
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Jetzt kostenlos anmeldenUsually, governments are in charge of laws and regulations and they try to keep tight control. However, sometimes governments might decide to relax or completely get rid of certain regulations in a particular market. Why would they do that? In this explanation, you will understand why governments deregulate markets and the advantages and disadvantages of a deregulated market.
In a general sense, deregulation is all to do with the removal of legislation and laws imposed by the government. In economics, this happens in the context of markets.
Deregulation is removing legislation and laws imposed by the government on a particular market.
Truly, the main aim of deregulation is to increase healthy competition in that market and drive prices down for consumers.
There are many reasons why the government might deregulate a market. Some reasons are:
Sometimes, a government will choose to deregulate specific markets. Some advantages of a deregulated market are:
The deregulation of the telecommunications market has allowed consumers to benefit from lower prices of phone calls and internet usage.
The deregulation of markets does have some disadvantages. Some of them are:
The 2008 Financial Crisis is an example of how the loosely regulated housing market led to market failure and disastrous consequences for both consumers and firms.
There are many examples of deregulation around the world. Some of these examples are:
Margaret Thatcher was an advocate for the free market and many of her economic policies involved the privatisation and deregulation of markets.
Privatisation is the selling of state-owned assets to the private sector. Market deregulation is sometimes accompanied by privatisation. Check out our Privatisation explanation to learn more.
Let’s study one example of deregulation and privatisation during Thatcher’s government and some of its economic impacts.
The 'Big Bang' here refers to the deregulation of the London Stock Exchange (LSE). Deregulation allowed for free-market competition in the financial markets and caused London to become a major European centre of finance.
There were three key components of the Big Bang:
The Big Bang produced a ‘free for all’, which caused many big banks to take over smaller ones. Some UK banks were bought up by larger European, American, or Japanese banks. This projected the narrative that these larger banks were ‘too big to fail’.
The volumes of trades had significant increases after the deregulation policies Thatcher introduced and the costs for these firms were reduced.
The deregulation policies not only impacted the financial market but also changed London’s geography. Many banks were now around a 10-minute walk away from each other and, importantly, from the Bank of England.
Initially, many people benefited from the deregulation of the financial markets. But there were many dangers ahead. For example, a Conservative minister, David Willets, expressed concern and the potential dangers of the Big Bang saying that the financial market could lead to a ‘boom and bust’.
The narrative that these large banks were 'too big to fail' and their unethical behaviours, laid the groundwork for the 2000 Dotcom Bubble and the 2008 Financial Crisis.
You can learn more about the 2000 Dotcom Bubble and the 2008 Financial Crisis in our explanations.
1. The Economist, ‘Freedom in the air’, 1997.
2. Jamie Robertson, ‘How the Big Bang changed the city of London forever’, BBC, 2016.
Deregulation of a market can positively and negatively impact the market.
Some positive impacts on a market are:
Some negative impacts on a market are:
Some examples of deregulated markets are:
Deregulation can benefit the economy by increasing economic growth. This is because it helps increase competition within a market. The more businesses within a market the more economic activity that occurs, increasing economic growth.
The deregulation of the financial market allows for more financial transactions to occur around the world efficiently and more easily.
Some reasons why governments choose to deregulate markets are:
Define deregulation.
Deregulation is removing legislation and laws imposed by the government on a particular market.
What is the main aim of deregulating a market?
The main aim of deregulation is to increase healthy competition within that market and drive prices down for consumers.
What are some reasons why a market will be deregulated?
Some reasons why the government might deregulate a market are:
What are some advantages of a deregulated market?
What are some disadvantages of a deregulated market?
What are some examples of a deregulated market?
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