What are the key factors to consider in engine design?
Key factors to consider in engine design include fuel efficiency, power output, emissions control, cooling systems, material selection, and noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) management. Additionally, reliability, cost, manufacturability, and compliance with regulatory standards are essential.
How does fuel efficiency impact engine design?
Fuel efficiency influences engine design by necessitating optimised combustion processes, reduced friction, and improved thermal management. This can lead to innovations such as direct fuel injection, turbocharging, and lightweight materials. It also necessitates aerodynamic enhancements and advanced control systems to maximise performance while minimising fuel consumption.
What materials are commonly used in engine design?
Common materials used in engine design include aluminium alloys for lightweight components, cast iron for durability in engine blocks, steel for strength in crankshafts and camshafts, and titanium for high-stress, high-temperature parts like valves. These materials balance strength, weight, and thermal conductivity.
How do modern engines achieve lower emissions?
Modern engines achieve lower emissions through advanced technologies such as turbocharging, direct fuel injection, exhaust gas recirculation, and selective catalytic reduction. These innovations optimise fuel combustion, reduce unburned hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides, and convert harmful gases into less harmful substances before they exit the exhaust.
What role does computer simulation play in engine design?
Computer simulation allows engineers to model, analyse, and optimise engine performance and behaviour without physical prototypes, reducing costs and development time. It aids in predicting outcomes, identifying potential issues, and evaluating various design alternatives efficiently.