What are the main properties of materials studied in material science?
The main properties of materials studied in material science include mechanical properties (strength, toughness, hardness), thermal properties (conductivity, expansion), electrical properties (conductivity, resistivity), magnetic properties (permeability, hysteresis), and optical properties (refractive index, absorption).
What are the common applications of materials developed in material science?
Common applications include aerospace components, medical implants, electronic devices, construction materials, automotive parts, energy storage systems, and protective coatings.
How do researchers determine the suitability of a material for a specific application?
Researchers determine the suitability of a material for a specific application by analysing its mechanical, thermal, electrical, and chemical properties through various standardised tests and simulations, considering factors like load-bearing capacity, corrosion resistance, conductivity, and thermal stability alongside the specific requirements of the application.
What is the role of nanotechnology in material science?
Nanotechnology enhances material properties by manipulating matter at the atomic and molecular levels, enabling the creation of stronger, lighter, and more durable materials. It contributes to innovations in electronics, medicine, energy, and environmental sustainability by improving performance and introducing new functionalities.
What are the primary techniques used for analysing material structures?
The primary techniques for analysing material structures include X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and atomic force microscopy (AFM).