What are the primary components of Earth's atmosphere?
The primary components of Earth's atmosphere are nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%), argon (0.93%), and carbon dioxide (0.04%), alongside traces of other gases and water vapour.
What is the role of greenhouse gases in climate change?
Greenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide and methane, trap heat in Earth's atmosphere, leading to the greenhouse effect. This process raises global temperatures, alters weather patterns, and contributes to climate change by enhancing the natural warming of the planet.
How do atmospheric scientists predict the weather?
Atmospheric scientists predict the weather by collecting data from weather stations, satellites, and balloons. They analyse this data using computer models to simulate the atmosphere's behaviour. By comparing current conditions with historical weather patterns, they can forecast future weather events.
What factors contribute to air pollution and its impact on human health?
Factors contributing to air pollution include emissions from vehicles, industrial processes, and burning of fossil fuels. Impacts on human health can range from respiratory disorders, cardiovascular diseases, to aggravating existing health conditions. Pollution also contributes to the development of chronic conditions such as asthma and lung cancer.
What are the effects of ozone depletion on the environment and human health?
Ozone depletion leads to increased UV radiation reaching the Earth's surface, causing skin cancer, cataracts, and immune system suppression in humans, and affects the growth of phytoplankton in aquatic ecosystems, disrupting food chains. It also contributes to the degradation of materials like plastics, wood, fabrics, and rubber.