Addition, Subtraction, Multiplication and Division

Calculate $122+552$

Solution:

To begin with, you can place the numbers on top of each other:

$122+552$

Now working from right to left, add the two horizontal numbers together starting with 2 and 2:

$122+5524$

Now moving onto 2 and 5:

$122+55274$

And finally 5 and 1:

$122+552672$

Therefore, $122+552=672$

Calculate $538-214$

Solution:

To begin with, you can place the numbers on top of each other, placing the number you are subtracting from on top:

$538-214$

Now working from right to left, subtract one number away from another, starting with 8 and 4:

$538-2144$

Now moving onto 3 and 1:

$538-21424$

And finally 5 and 2:

$538-214324$

Therefore, $538-214=324$

Calculate $23\times 42$

Solution:

To begin with, draw out a grid, break down your numbers, and place them into the grid-like so:

To fill out the grid you simply multiply each number in the columns:

Now you can add all of the values together to find the answer to the question, it may be easier to do this in steps:

$800+120=920$

$40+6=46$

$920+46=966$

Therefore, $23\times 42=966$

Calculate $306÷9$

Solution:

To start with you can draw out your calculation, writing the number you're dividing by on the left and the number you're dividing written on the right as shown below:

$9306$

Now you need to work your way through the number you're dividing one unit at a time, start by figuring out how many times 9 can go into 3. Since this is not possible you need to carry the 3 over to the next unit:

$9{\cancel{3}}^{3}06$

Now you can think about how many times 9 can go into 30. 9 goes into 30 three times with a remainder of three:

$9\times 3=27$

This can then be written into your division as below with the divisible number being written above the calculation and the remainder 3 being carried over to the 6:

$93{\cancel{3}}^3{0}^{3}6$

Finally, you can calculate how many times 9 goes into 36:

$9\times 4=36$

$934\cancel{3^3}{0}^{3}6$

Therefore, $306÷9=34$

Calculate $732-426$

Solution:

To begin with, you can place the numbers on top of each other, placing the number you are subtracting from on top:

$732-426$

Now working from right to left, subtract one number away from another, starting with 2 and 6. Since 6 is bigger than two, you need to borrow a digit from the column to the left:

$7^2{\cancel{3}}^{1}2-4266$

Now you can subtract 2 from 2:

$7^2{\cancel{3}}^{1}2-42606$

Finally, you can subtract the 4 from 7:

$7^2{\cancel{3}}^{1}2-426306$

Calculate $53\times 35$

Solution:

To begin with, draw out a grid, break down your numbers, and place them into the grid-like so:

To fill out the grid you simply multiply each number in the columns:

Now you can add all of the values together to find the answer to the question, it may be easier to do this in steps:

$1500+90=1590$

$250+15=265$

$1590+265=1855$

Calculate $434÷7$

Solution:

Let's start by writing out the sum using the short division method:

$7434$

Now begin by calculating how many times 7 goes into 4, this is not possible so you can carry the 4 over to the 3:

$7{\cancel{4}}^{4}34$

Next, you can look at how many times 7 can go into 43:

$7\times 6=42$

This leaves us with a remainder of 1 that can be carried over to the 4:

$76{\cancel{4}}^4{3}^{1}4$

Finally, calculate how many times 7 can go into 14:

$7\times 2=14$

$762{\cancel{4}}^4{3}^{1}4$

Therefore, $434÷7=62$

Sam has 142 sweets, he gives his friend 54, how many sweets is Sam left with?

Solution:

To find out how many sweets Sam has, we can subtract 54 from 142. Start by placing the two numbers on top of each other:

$142-54$

Now working from right to left, subtract one number away from another. Don't forget, since 2 is smaller than 4 you need to take a unit from the column to the left:

$1^3{\cancel{4}}^{1}2-548$

Now you can move on, again since 3 is smaller than 5 you will need to take a unit from the column to the left:

${{\cancel{1}}^1}^3{\cancel{4}}^{1}2-5488$

Therefore, Sam is left with 88 sweets.

Dave is cooking for 12 people but his recipe serves only serves 4. If the recipe requires 72 grams of pasta, how much pasta will Dave need?

Solution:

To find out how much pasta Dave will need for his recipe we can use the operation multiplication. Since 4 goes into 12, 3 times, Dave will need three times more than what the recipe states. To do this we can use the grid method:

$210+6=216$

Therefore, Dave will need 216 grams of pasta to serve 12 people.

Barbara is out for a meal with 3 friends, the bill comes to £188 and they decide to split it evenly. How much does each person pay?

Solution:

To begin with, write the problem out using the short division method. The bill came to £188 and it is being split between 4 people, therefore it can be written as follows:

$4188$

Now take the first step and see how many times 4 can go into the first number on the left. Since 4 cannot go into 1, the 1 can be carried over:

$4{\cancel{1}}^{1}88$

Now calculate how many times 4 can go into 18:

$4\times 4=16$

This leaves us with a remainder of 2:

$44{\cancel{1}}^1{8}^{2}8$

Finally, how many times can 4 go into 28:

$4\times 7=28$

$447{\cancel{1}}^1{8}^{2}8$

This means that each person will need to pay £47.